RW × OpenAlex Pipeline Run Report

Generated: 2026-01-02T15:01:29Z

Run Snapshot

Python: 3.12.12
Platform: Linux-6.6.105+-x86_64-with-glibc2.35
Process RAM (RSS): 582.6 MB
CPU Cores (logical): 2
OpenAlex resolved DOIs: 0
OpenAlex failed batches: 80
Resource metrics are a snapshot taken at report generation time. If you want true per-cell timing/peak memory, add instrumentation at the start of each cell.

Correctness Checks

Hover over column headers for definitions. Click column headers to sort; use the search box to filter.
checkpasseddetail
RW cleaned DOIs non-nullTruenull_doi=0
TTR non-negativeTruemin_ttr_days=0
DOI master unique DOITrueunique=3974 rows=3974
Country weights sum to 1 per DOITruemax_abs_error=0.000e+00
Institution weights sum to 1 per DOITruemax_abs_error=0.000e+00

QA & Coverage Metrics

metricvalue
rw_total_rows4093.0
rw_rows_with_valid_doi4093.0
rw_unique_dois_after_cleaning3974.0
doi_with_valid_ttr3974.0
ttr_coverage_pct100.0
dois_resolved_in_openalex3960.0
openalex_resolution_pct99.64771011575239
mean_countries_per_doi1.6664645239539115
mean_institutions_per_doi2.885394617478077

Artifacts & Memory Footprints

artifactrowsmemory_mb
doi_institution95422.66
rw_clean39741.71
doi_master39741.65
institution_rank35681.43
doi_country54960.69
country_rank1130.03

Country Ranking (Interactive)

country_codescoremedian_ttr_daysreason_entropytop_reasonrank
CN1351.5404761904763850.04.219884804071734Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;1
IN359.2944444444444651.04.28547321285687Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;2
RU190.80436507936508490.01.3291921499675272Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;3
US134.978571428571431365.05.043361020132469Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;4
SA122.60241702741702743.04.768645159890042Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;5
IR109.947619047619041132.04.421832218878167Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;6
PK92.12344877344877878.03.7907882184392787Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;7
IQ88.77182539682539640.02.70718401313054Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;8
EG68.117496392496391122.04.058484623979711Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;9
UZ55.892857142857146490.01.3001982346171927Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;10
GB39.63333333333333753.53.879287786644783Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;11
KR36.75743.54.15089161937435Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;12
JP35.269047619047621599.03.584545199695126Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;13
TR32.8266233766233741067.03.2703647884741693Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;14
MY32.006782106782104870.03.8637207178103004Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;15
NG28.185714285714287854.03.658162873816453Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;16
IT25.1690476190476181842.03.6214123503192424Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;17
NP24.03333333333333640.00.41764561734613204Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;18
FR23.859523809523811640.03.560176286155653Error in Image;Error in Text;Updated to Retraction;19
DE23.081746031746032705.03.552982602894848Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;20
AU21.842857142857141189.03.703959552223543Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;21
ZA19.187301587301587616.02.725955807352578Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;22
CA18.116666666666667640.02.425972726969528Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;23
ES17.759523809523811323.53.265949256379148Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;24
KZ17.72156.52.430955436028387Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;25
BD17.224242424242423773.52.7177958496610963Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;26
PL16.294444444444444469.02.574031148689513Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;27
TW16.1547619047619051070.03.5398587972053455Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;28
VN15.2539682539682531236.03.184916739512241Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;29
ID12.295238095238096845.52.9252027641711082Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;30
UA11.75421.01.3685960384567024Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;31
HK10.509523809523811170.02.9381824546861237Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;32
BR10.25952380952381767.02.7516666169315167Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;33
ET10.15676.02.6393405872324323Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;34
TH9.721825396825396843.02.778225413018444Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;35
AE8.02106782106782652.03.183922421665312Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;36
CY7.501190476190477942.02.508825821267811Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;37
HU7.383333333333333543.02.7555497906641797Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;38
JO6.540909090909091488.02.8215638078603646Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;39
MA6.45434.02.253857589601352Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;40
CZ6.433333333333334879.02.0330001999799117Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;41
GR5.75688.01.539654447440098Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;42
LB5.45568.52.890371757896165Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;Upgrade/Update of Prior Notice(s);43
SK5.0333333333333331075.02.098147389135067Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;44
IE5.04231.51.9061547465398496Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of/in Image;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;45
NL4.9166666666666663355.52.3025850929940455Author Unresponsive;Bias Issues or Lack of Balance;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;46
RO4.4928571428571431303.02.7516666169315167Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);47
AZ4.283333333333333490.01.15374194270109Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;48
IL4.2833333333333331313.01.7478680974667573Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;49
BY4.2694444444444441786.02.3693821196946763Concerns/Issues about Image;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;50
LT4.25478.01.6674619334292948Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;51
MO4.251060.01.798652206252129Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;52
QA4.174242424242424426.02.1458417525947544Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Date of Article and/or Notice Unknown;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;53
NO4.1666666666666661312.52.0794415416798357Author Unresponsive;Duplication of/in Article;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;54
AM4.0490.0-0.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;55
TN3.9206349206349205892.02.351673301904631Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;56
GH3.9166666666666665684.51.559581156259877Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;57
OM3.81666666666666641279.02.484906649788001Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;58
DK3.611111111111111751.02.0794415416798357Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;59
PH3.5595238095238093736.01.559581156259877Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;60
BE3.47619047619047631239.01.945910149055313Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Duplication of Data;Duplication of/in Article;Euphemisms for Duplication;Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;61
NZ3.4261904761904765851.01.5810937501718239Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;False/Forged Authorship;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;62
CH3.3666666666666667403.02.1972245773362196Compromised Peer Review;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;63
SE3.283333333333333534.02.1972245773362196Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Euphemisms for Plagiarism;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Plagiarism of Image;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;Upgrade/Update of Prior Notice(s);64
MX3.0928571428571425435.01.9061547465398496Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Updated to Retraction;65
YE2.95162.01.7480673485460891Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Article;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;66
GE2.833333333333333322.51.9061547465398496Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);67
SG2.71633.01.945910149055313Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Animal Welfare;Concerns/Issues about Image;Contamination of Cell Lines/Tissues;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;68
DZ2.50555555555555551028.01.7478680974667573Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;69
EC2.4075757575757573775.02.1972245773362196Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Date of Article and/or Notice Unknown;Euphemisms for Plagiarism;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Objections by Author(s);Plagiarism of Text;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;70
KE2.3666666666666667469.01.3321790402101223Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;71
BG2.2490.00.6365141682948128Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;72
FI2.1666666666666665588.01.3862943611198906Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;73
PE2.067857142857143609.01.945910149055313Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;74
KG2.0490.0-0.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;75
PT1.9166666666666665791.01.7917594692280547Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Image;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;76
SD1.9492.01.242453324894Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;77
AL1.8333333333333333372.51.3862943611198906Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;78
ZW1.8333333333333333469.0-0.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;79
RS1.75713.01.0986122886681096Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;80
CO1.71279.01.0986122886681096Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;81
SY1.5909090909090908396.01.0986122886681096Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Data;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);82
PS1.5666666666666667124.00.9502705392332347Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;83
CL1.5333333333333332743.01.6094379124341005Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;84
KW1.33333333333333331008.01.3862943611198906Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;85
AT1.3333333333333333795.50.6931471805599453Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Updated to Retraction;86
MT1.3262.01.0986122886681096Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;87
AR1.2434.50.6931471805599453Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Manipulation of Images;Unreliable Image;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;88
MD1.0490.0-0.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;89
BW0.91666666666666662253.00.6365141682948128Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;90
BA0.8666666666666667951.01.0986122886681096Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of/in Image;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;91
MW0.8333333333333333320.00.6931471805599453Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;92
ML0.66666666666666662274.0-0.0Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;93
DO0.52084.0-0.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Duplication of/in Image;Investigation by Company/Institution;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Salami Slicing;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;94
BF0.5944.0-0.0Concerns/Issues about Human Subject Welfare;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Lack of IRB/IACUC Approval and/or Compliance;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;95
CU0.54332.0-0.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Duplication of/in Article;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;96
HN0.51709.0-0.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;97
SN0.54706.0-0.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Human Subject Welfare;Informed/Patient Consent - None/Withdrawn;Lack of IRB/IACUC Approval and/or Compliance;Upgrade/Update of Prior Notice(s);98
CR0.56423.0-0.0Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;99
RW0.5101.0-0.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Error in Analyses;Error in Data;Lack of Approval from Author;Lack of Approval from Third Party;100
MK0.5118.0-0.0Error by Journal/Publisher;101
AF0.43333333333333335482.50.6931471805599453Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;102
ZM0.3666666666666667319.50.6931471805599453Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Article;Euphemisms for Plagiarism;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;103
EE0.3333333333333333862.0-0.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Data;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;104
FJ0.3333333333333333423.0-0.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Duplication of/in Image;Error in Data;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;105
MZ0.3333333333333333490.0-0.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;106
GT0.3333333333333333279.0-0.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;107
KY0.33333333333333331189.0-0.0Error in Data;Error in Image;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;108
NA0.3333333333333333469.0-0.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;109
BH0.2400.0-0.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;110
IS0.2132.0-0.0Date of Article and/or Notice Unknown;Notice - Limited or No Information;Removed;111
NE0.21699.0-0.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;112
SX0.1262.0-0.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Data;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Lack of IRB/IACUC Approval and/or Compliance;113

Institution Ranking (Top 1000, Interactive)

institution_idinstitution_namescoremedian_ttr_daystop_reasonrank
https://openalex.org/I876193797Vellore Institute of Technology University31.60952380952381801.0Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;1
https://openalex.org/I85461943Saveetha University31.342832167832167632.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;2
https://openalex.org/I28022161King Saud University29.514434176934177630.5Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Updated to Retraction;3
https://openalex.org/I63354593Sichuan Normal University28.01238.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;4
https://openalex.org/I110360157Lovely Professional University22.147258297258297469.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;5
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https://openalex.org/I125839683Beijing Institute of Technology4.0011904761904761168.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;113
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https://openalex.org/I4210086057Moscow State University of Civil Engineering3.977777777777778490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;117
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https://openalex.org/I200845125Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology3.94999999999999971299.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;119
https://openalex.org/I180726961Shenzhen University3.88376623376623351221.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;120
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https://openalex.org/I159247623Mansoura University3.829376179376179885.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;123
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https://openalex.org/I59028903Ocean University of China3.7083333333333331148.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;127
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https://openalex.org/I80947539Fuzhou University3.7548.5Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;130
https://openalex.org/I159253421Cape Peninsula University of Technology3.7469.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;131
https://openalex.org/I4210158000ILMA University3.68690476190476171160.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;132
https://openalex.org/I181877577Shanxi University3.66666666666666651025.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;133
https://openalex.org/I166809047Stavropol State Agrarian University3.6666666666666665490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;134
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https://openalex.org/I170751988Shanxi University of Finance and Economics3.66666666666666652637.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;136
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https://openalex.org/I4210100868Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University3.583333333333333931.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;140
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https://openalex.org/I202735123Thi Qar University3.3770604395604398469.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;158
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https://openalex.org/I191996457Dalian Medical University3.176190476190476931.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;177
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https://openalex.org/I4210153869Huaiyin Institute of Technology3.033333333333333979.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;195
https://openalex.org/I16820183Illinois College3.05435.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Image;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Data;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;196
https://openalex.org/I49232843Changchun University3.0567.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;197
https://openalex.org/I2800081431British Academy3.0421.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;198
https://openalex.org/I114117164University of Science and Technology Liaoning3.0569.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;199
https://openalex.org/I4210162355Jinan City People's Hospital3.0526.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;200
https://openalex.org/I137616099Tshwane University of Technology3.0469.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;201
https://openalex.org/I9086337Taiyuan University of Technology3.01296.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;202
https://openalex.org/I1308199089Harbin University3.0782.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;203
https://openalex.org/I157725225University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign3.05435.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Image;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Data;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;204
https://openalex.org/I4210097945Linyi People's Hospital3.02288.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Image;Euphemisms for Plagiarism;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Plagiarism of Image;Unreliable Data;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;205
https://openalex.org/I2802534033Tianjin Medical University General Hospital3.01352.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;206
https://openalex.org/I25254941Beijing Normal University3.02104.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;207
https://openalex.org/I916357946Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering2.9595238095238097693.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;208
https://openalex.org/I4210129459The Affiliated Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University2.952380952380952868.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;209
https://openalex.org/I186771145Covenant University2.92619047619047651208.5Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Duplication of/in Image;Error in Data;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;210
https://openalex.org/I3018263800Huzhou University2.9261904761904761305.5Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;211
https://openalex.org/I686019AGH University of Krakow2.914520202020202539.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;212
https://openalex.org/I131434179Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine2.91504.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;213
https://openalex.org/I136199984Harvard University2.8704887218045111365.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;214
https://openalex.org/I141445968Ton Duc Thang University2.86944444444444451784.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;215
https://openalex.org/I4210164592Tashkent Medical Academy2.8333333333333335490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;216
https://openalex.org/I4210104616Taizhou Municipal Hospital2.83333333333333351355.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Paper Mill;217
https://openalex.org/I92403157University of Science and Technology Beijing2.8333333333333331130.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;218
https://openalex.org/I4210109043Vladimir State University2.833333333333333490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;219
https://openalex.org/I1285929390Hubei University of Medicine2.833333333333333602.0Author Unresponsive;Duplication of/in Image;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;220
https://openalex.org/I12469534Quaid-i-Azam University2.83257575757575751099.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;221
https://openalex.org/I2801460691Al-Turath University2.831186868686869539.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;222
https://openalex.org/I119668213Karunya University2.8095238095238093806.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;223
https://openalex.org/I78988378Renmin University of China2.7916666666666665675.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;224
https://openalex.org/I36515993Eastern Mediterranean University2.754401154401154475.5Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Updated to Retraction;225
https://openalex.org/I17721919Shanxi Medical University2.75633.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;226
https://openalex.org/I114539943Zhejiang Chinese Medical University2.75634.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;227
https://openalex.org/I4210109462Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers2.75490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;228
https://openalex.org/I160354086Guangxi Medical University2.75702.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;229
https://openalex.org/I172574986Kaunas University of Technology2.75421.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;230
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https://openalex.org/I111381250Hebei Medical University2.72619047619047631210.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;232
https://openalex.org/I1327237609Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China2.71504.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;233
https://openalex.org/I189210763Yunnan University2.6782106782106783304.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Unreliable Data;234
https://openalex.org/I4387153026E.G.S. Pillay Engineering College2.6777777777777776533.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;235
https://openalex.org/I4210130415Open International University for Alternative Medicines2.6777777777777776533.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;236
https://openalex.org/I59649739Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics2.6761904761904765606.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;237
https://openalex.org/I4210118397Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital2.66666666666666652185.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Euphemisms for Plagiarism;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Manipulation of Data;Objections by Author(s);Plagiarism of Data;Plagiarism of Image;Unreliable Data;Unreliable Image;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;238
https://openalex.org/I4210103621Fujian Jiangxia University2.6666666666666665753.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;239
https://openalex.org/I53592917Jiangxi Normal University2.6666666666666665441.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Human Subject Welfare;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Lack of IRB/IACUC Approval and/or Compliance;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;240
https://openalex.org/I197081775Annamalai University2.64682539682539671775.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;241
https://openalex.org/I161106909Iran University of Medical Sciences2.6277777777777778960.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;242
https://openalex.org/I143868143Anhui University2.6251154.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;243
https://openalex.org/I2800232565Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital2.61666666666666671370.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;244
https://openalex.org/I4401200352Al-Farahidi University2.5859487734487736539.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;245
https://openalex.org/I13985625East China Jiaotong University2.583333333333333441.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;246
https://openalex.org/I133903919Arak University of Medical Sciences2.5833333333333332193.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Updated to Retraction;247
https://openalex.org/I172901346St Petersburg University2.583333333333333490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;248
https://openalex.org/I220840466Chettinad Academy of Research and Education2.576190476190476645.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Updated to Retraction;249
https://openalex.org/I158248296Amirkabir University of Technology2.56468253968253951458.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;250
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https://openalex.org/I861853513Sapienza University of Rome2.5178571428571431567.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;255
https://openalex.org/I56306041Lebanese American University2.5111471861471863577.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;Upgrade/Update of Prior Notice(s);256
https://openalex.org/I32574673Shantou University2.5646.5Author Unresponsive;Euphemisms for Plagiarism;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Plagiarism of Image;257
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https://openalex.org/I4210116886Chongqing Vocational Institute of Engineering2.5712.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;259
https://openalex.org/I4210120901Bashkir State Medical University2.5490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;260
https://openalex.org/I197524780Petrozavodsk State University2.5490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;261
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https://openalex.org/I4210099759Wenzhou Central Hospital2.5365.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;263
https://openalex.org/I119939603Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences2.5846.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Human Subject Welfare;Informed/Patient Consent - None/Withdrawn;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Lack of IRB/IACUC Approval and/or Compliance;Objections by Author(s);264
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https://openalex.org/I119045251Huaqiao University2.51071.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;266
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https://openalex.org/I9916479Air Force Medical University2.5467.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;268
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https://openalex.org/I4210165529University of Business and Technology2.4843253968253967490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;270
https://openalex.org/I161346416Jimei University2.4761904761904763421.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;271
https://openalex.org/I156216236Qassim University2.46978021978022485.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);272
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https://openalex.org/I145581781Chongqing Technology and Business University2.45851.0Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;274
https://openalex.org/I162030827Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology2.45530.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;275
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https://openalex.org/I932239252SASTRA University2.4166666666666665903.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;277
https://openalex.org/I129708740Fujian Medical University2.4166666666666665491.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;278
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https://openalex.org/I119203015Shandong University of Technology2.3928571428571431119.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;280
https://openalex.org/I4210114785Gansu Provincial Hospital2.36666666666666671806.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Paper Mill;281
https://openalex.org/I92039509Guangzhou Medical University2.3428571428571431051.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;282
https://openalex.org/I58048189Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences2.3385281385281385996.5Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;283
https://openalex.org/I181171540Chuvash State University2.3333333333333335490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;284
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https://openalex.org/I4210130714Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital2.3333333333333335504.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;286
https://openalex.org/I134687103Nanjing Tech University2.333333333333333553.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;287
https://openalex.org/I94948490B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science & Technology2.3333333333333331696.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;288
https://openalex.org/I119856527Cadi Ayyad University2.333333333333333266.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;289
https://openalex.org/I102335020Karlsruhe Institute of Technology2.333333333333333525.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;290
https://openalex.org/I881766915Nanjing University2.3333333333333331235.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Article;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;291
https://openalex.org/I4210114604Beijing Luhe Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University2.3333333333333331905.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;292
https://openalex.org/I4210151861Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital2.333333333333333695.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;293
https://openalex.org/I4210143588Ningbo College of Health Sciences2.3333333333333332131.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Third Party;294
https://openalex.org/I1282516798Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist2.3333333333333331583.0Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of/in Image;Error in Data;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;295
https://openalex.org/I116191961Northern (Arctic) Federal University2.333333333333333490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;296
https://openalex.org/I4210161892First People's Hospital of Chongqing2.333333333333333374.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;297
https://openalex.org/I184693016China Medical University2.31805555555555551207.0Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Updated to Retraction;298
https://openalex.org/I12150220University of Mosul2.316941391941392726.0Compromised Peer Review;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Date of Article and/or Notice Unknown;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;299
https://openalex.org/I55383850Tashkent State University of Economics2.3125655.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;300
https://openalex.org/I43663321Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science2.3095238095238093617.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;301
https://openalex.org/I20107917Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research2.2928571428571427693.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;302
https://openalex.org/I188935350Anhui University of Finance and Economics2.2833333333333331179.5Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;303
https://openalex.org/I121243025International Islamic University, Islamabad2.2833333333333331255.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;304
https://openalex.org/I84248293Babol Noshirvani University of Technology2.25487.5Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;305
https://openalex.org/I4210098460Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine2.251088.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;306
https://openalex.org/I114982161Isfahan University of Medical Sciences2.252902.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;307
https://openalex.org/I195024194Riphah International University2.2448773448773447686.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;308
https://openalex.org/I205984670Czech University of Life Sciences Prague2.2333333333333334490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;309
https://openalex.org/I200606013Daffodil International University2.229761904761905910.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;310
https://openalex.org/I39333907Yanshan University2.2528.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;311
https://openalex.org/I4210097066Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital2.21016.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;312
https://openalex.org/I4210156804First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University2.2933.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Duplication of/in Article;Euphemisms for Duplication;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;313
https://openalex.org/I71267560University of Naples Federico II2.23396.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;314
https://openalex.org/I148128674University of Shanghai for Science and Technology2.2743.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;315
https://openalex.org/I82760581Taizhou University2.19999999999999971007.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;316
https://openalex.org/I4210112770Tashkent Institute of Textile and Light Industry2.166666666666667490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;317
https://openalex.org/I186272606Guangdong University of Foreign Studies2.1666666666666665837.5Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Conflict of Interest;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Misconduct - Official Investigation(s) and/or Finding(s);Rogue Editor;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;318
https://openalex.org/I4210126504University of Al-Qadisiyah2.1666666666666665672.0Compromised Peer Review;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Date of Article and/or Notice Unknown;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;319
https://openalex.org/I53411278Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine2.1666666666666665632.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;320
https://openalex.org/I4210145099Xian Yang Central Hospital2.1666666666666665701.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;321
https://openalex.org/I112862951University of Messina2.16666666666666651966.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;322
https://openalex.org/I4210086248Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University2.16666666666666651181.5Compromised Peer Review;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;323
https://openalex.org/I154093214Xinjiang Medical University2.1666666666666665723.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;324
https://openalex.org/I47251452Wake Forest University2.16666666666666651202.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Error in Text;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;325
https://openalex.org/I168879160Zhejiang University of Science and Technology2.1666666666666665559.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;326
https://openalex.org/I4210096899Jiangsu University of Science and Technology2.1666666666666665242.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;327
https://openalex.org/I17877952Sechenov University2.159203296703297884.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;328
https://openalex.org/I4101805Yıldız Technical University2.1583333333333331257.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;329
https://openalex.org/I126633494University of Basrah2.142857142857143672.0Compromised Peer Review;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Date of Article and/or Notice Unknown;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;330
https://openalex.org/I68986083Northwest Normal University2.142857142857143305.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;331
https://openalex.org/I120825670Yunnan Normal University2.142857142857143631.5Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;332
https://openalex.org/I25757504China University of Mining and Technology2.142857142857143679.5Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;333
https://openalex.org/I150807315Guangxi University2.1333333333333333787.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;334
https://openalex.org/I98499257Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education2.125798.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;335
https://openalex.org/I231025917Hellenic Open University2.1166666666666667696.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;336
https://openalex.org/I211738395Financial University2.111111111111111679.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;337
https://openalex.org/I9256017Islamic Azad University of Najafabad2.10694444444444431353.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;338
https://openalex.org/I1294182474Cihan University-Erbil2.102579365079365745.0Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Updated to Retraction;339
https://openalex.org/I4210159566Tashkent State Pedagogical University named after Nizami2.1490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;340
https://openalex.org/I165560825Mashhad University of Medical Sciences2.091666666666667443.5Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;341
https://openalex.org/I4210162753First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University2.08333333333333351036.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;342
https://openalex.org/I149137203Guiyang Medical University2.083333333333333649.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;343
https://openalex.org/I142108993Southwest University2.0833333333333331386.5Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;344
https://openalex.org/I885392262GITAM University2.0751090.0Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;345
https://openalex.org/I148099405Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology2.0690476190476191143.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;346
https://openalex.org/I130769515Pennsylvania State University2.067099567099567907.5Cites Retracted Work;Concerns/Issues about Data;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Data;347
https://openalex.org/I2800570007Renji Hospital2.05952380952380981823.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;348
https://openalex.org/I156144747Harbin Medical University2.04166666666666651264.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;349
https://openalex.org/I96478251Hunan Institute of Technology2.033333333333333500.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;350
https://openalex.org/I9842412Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics2.0333333333333331087.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;351
https://openalex.org/I196699116Wuhan University of Technology2.0333333333333331540.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;352
https://openalex.org/I99729588Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar2.01266.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Euphemisms for Plagiarism;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Plagiarism of/in Article;Taken from Dissertation/Thesis;353
https://openalex.org/I60668342University of Regensburg2.0430.0Duplication of/in Image;Error in Text;Updated to Retraction;354
https://openalex.org/I193352282Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology2.01250.5Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of Data;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Manipulation of Data;Manipulation of Images;Unreliable Data;Unreliable Image;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;355
https://openalex.org/I2799761305Government Medical College Thoothukudi2.0557.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;356
https://openalex.org/I4210134088Gulistan State University2.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;357
https://openalex.org/I4210134906First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology2.0648.5Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;358
https://openalex.org/I3131412887Jiangxi University of Technology2.01636.5Cites Retracted Work;Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;359
https://openalex.org/I4210164089Gaozhou People's Hospital2.0631.5Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;360
https://openalex.org/I4210123733The First People's Hospital of Changde2.0497.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;361
https://openalex.org/I184843921Hebei University of Technology2.02065.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;362
https://openalex.org/I3019350493Moscow State Agroengineering University named after V.P. Goryachkin2.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;363
https://openalex.org/I4210165547Dezhou University2.02134.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Paper Mill;364
https://openalex.org/I74525822Hubei University of Technology2.01286.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;365
https://openalex.org/I308837Suzhou University of Science and Technology2.01476.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;366
https://openalex.org/I2801109956Luxun Academy of Fine Arts2.0891.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;367
https://openalex.org/I2800517447Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts2.0689.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;368
https://openalex.org/I4210133784First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University2.0475.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);369
https://openalex.org/I2802390878Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital2.0482.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;370
https://openalex.org/I29739308Guangxi Normal University2.0354.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;371
https://openalex.org/I41549804Vidyasagar University2.0592.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;372
https://openalex.org/I167153416Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology2.0575.5Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;373
https://openalex.org/I4210100633Platov South-Russian State Polytechnic University2.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;374
https://openalex.org/I4210119987Qingdao Municipal Hospital2.02335.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Paper Mill;375
https://openalex.org/I4210098369Institute of Disaster Prevention2.0589.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;376
https://openalex.org/I4210091792Ferghana Polytechnical Institute2.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;377
https://openalex.org/I4210162190China University of Petroleum, East China2.0435.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;378
https://openalex.org/I4210160474Shougang (China)2.02394.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Paper Mill;379
https://openalex.org/I4210100323Yelets State University named after Ivan Bunin2.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;380
https://openalex.org/I4210107571Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital2.01808.5Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Paper Mill;381
https://openalex.org/I4210110925Jiaozuo University2.0401.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;382
https://openalex.org/I4210111035Fujian Institute of Education2.0629.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;383
https://openalex.org/I4210119228Industrial University of Tyumen2.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;384
https://openalex.org/I4210118050Taishan University2.02606.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;385
https://openalex.org/I4210116869Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University2.02335.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Paper Mill;386
https://openalex.org/I154893126Guizhou Normal University2.0503.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;387
https://openalex.org/I4210114501Wollo University2.01600.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Data;Duplication of/in Article;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;388
https://openalex.org/I4210112851Cangzhou Normal University2.0455.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;389
https://openalex.org/I4210132741Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital1.9833333333333334977.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;390
https://openalex.org/I74319210Chitkara University1.97738095238095251091.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;391
https://openalex.org/I4210144482Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital1.96666666666666661096.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;392
https://openalex.org/I16365422Hefei University of Technology1.95833333333333331092.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;393
https://openalex.org/I4210156834Institute of Economics1.95557.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;394
https://openalex.org/I4210088963University of Ha'il1.95742.5Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;395
https://openalex.org/I4210133257KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology1.9444444444444444732.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;396
https://openalex.org/I26080491Kunming Medical University1.94444444444444441261.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;397
https://openalex.org/I84524832Alexandria University1.926190476190476398.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;398
https://openalex.org/I4392021143University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa1.9178571428571427173.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Article;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;399
https://openalex.org/I4210142484Second Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University1.91666666666666651841.5Concerns/Issues about Data;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Data;400
https://openalex.org/I194604659Shiraz University of Medical Sciences1.91111111111111121268.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Date of Article and/or Notice Unknown;Euphemisms for Plagiarism;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Objections by Author(s);Plagiarism of Text;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;401
https://openalex.org/I48379061Shahid Beheshti University1.90952380952380941192.5Cites Retracted Work;Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;402
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https://openalex.org/I4210127074Zhongshan Hospital1.8921568627450981040.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;404
https://openalex.org/I4387153222Chimie, Structures et Propriétés de Biomatériaux et d'Agents Thérapeutiques1.88690476190476191521.5Error in Image;Error in Text;Updated to Retraction;405
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https://openalex.org/I151075929Army Medical University1.88571428571428571521.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;407
https://openalex.org/I204983213Harbin Institute of Technology1.86666666666666671231.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;408
https://openalex.org/I4210091279Université Sorbonne Paris Nord1.85357142857142841095.0Error in Image;Error in Text;Updated to Retraction;409
https://openalex.org/I61623833University of Agriculture Faisalabad1.846825396825397491.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;410
https://openalex.org/I96797292Noorul Islam University1.842857142857143756.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;411
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https://openalex.org/I196934937Liaocheng University1.8333333333333333827.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;414
https://openalex.org/I136765683Tianjin University of Technology1.8333333333333333702.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;415
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https://openalex.org/I870392255Wuhan Sports University1.8333333333333333644.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;417
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https://openalex.org/I57206974New York University1.8333333333333333431.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;419
https://openalex.org/I164861460Manipal Academy of Higher Education1.8166666666666667554.5Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;420
https://openalex.org/I94234084Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur1.8119370825253178834.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;421
https://openalex.org/I90727586Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics1.81071428571428571209.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;422
https://openalex.org/I163205636Tabriz University of Medical Sciences1.80833333333333331313.5Author Unresponsive;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Data;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;423
https://openalex.org/I167027274Nanjing Forestry University1.8718.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Data;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Data;Unreliable Image;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;Upgrade/Update of Prior Notice(s);424
https://openalex.org/I126744593University of Maryland, Baltimore1.7916666666666667825.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;425
https://openalex.org/I195631090Majmaah University1.786111111111111771.5Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;426
https://openalex.org/I146620803Wenzhou University1.7857142857142856728.0Breach of Policy by Author;Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Copyright Claims;Duplication of/in Article;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Removed;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;427
https://openalex.org/I16197041Cyprus International University1.78452380952380941137.5Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;428
https://openalex.org/I107720978Ain Shams University1.78333333333333341210.0Concerns/Issues about Animal Welfare;Duplication of/in Image;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Data;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;429
https://openalex.org/I65220239Karpagam Academy of Higher Education1.7833333333333332633.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;430
https://openalex.org/I354108Minjiang University1.78333333333333321238.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;431
https://openalex.org/I31419693Kyungpook National University1.7769230769230768675.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;432
https://openalex.org/I156983542Jordan University of Science and Technology1.7714285714285714396.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;False/Forged Authorship;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;433
https://openalex.org/I79571142Virtual University of Pakistan1.76785714285714281058.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;434
https://openalex.org/I129604602The University of Sydney1.76666666666666661155.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;435
https://openalex.org/I160344538Indian Institute of Chemical Biology1.754797.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Duplication of Data;Duplication of/in Article;Duplication of/in Image;Error in Data;Error in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Unreliable Data;Unreliable Image;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;436
https://openalex.org/I4210165883Xinxiang University1.75668.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;437
https://openalex.org/I4210120234Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University1.75996.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;438
https://openalex.org/I4210140357Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University1.75601.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;439
https://openalex.org/I4210087761Henan University Huaihe Hospital and Huaihe Clinical Institute1.75408.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;440
https://openalex.org/I4210101358Minhang District Central Hospital1.751339.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;441
https://openalex.org/I32820368Guangdong Polytechnic of Science and Technology1.75869.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;442
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https://openalex.org/I61057504Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University1.751372.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;444
https://openalex.org/I66513531Fayoum University1.751011.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Article;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Data;445
https://openalex.org/I2801518579XinHua Hospital1.7461251167133521267.0Compromised Peer Review;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;446
https://openalex.org/I4626487King Faisal University1.7333333333333334256.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;447
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https://openalex.org/I16076960COMSATS University Islamabad1.7198773448773448983.0Breach of Policy by Author;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Date of Article and/or Notice Unknown;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Objections by Author(s);Rogue Editor;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;449
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https://openalex.org/I213615327Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering1.7490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;453
https://openalex.org/I130480701Dongbei University of Finance and Economics1.7577.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;454
https://openalex.org/I98461037Tecnológico de Monterrey1.7484.5Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Updated to Retraction;455
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https://openalex.org/I199702508Jouf University1.6916666666666667806.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;457
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https://openalex.org/I103356709Obuda University1.6728535353535354426.5Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;459
https://openalex.org/I215927University of Madras1.6714285714285715870.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;460
https://openalex.org/I90610280South China University of Technology1.66666666666666671110.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;461
https://openalex.org/I27688046Hunan Institute of Engineering1.6666666666666665512.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;462
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https://openalex.org/I4387154394National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology1.6666666666666665529.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;465
https://openalex.org/I101479585South China Agricultural University1.6666666666666665631.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;466
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https://openalex.org/I116891498Siddhartha Medical College1.6166666666666667442.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;475
https://openalex.org/I4210120169First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University1.61111111111111121198.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;476
https://openalex.org/I4750791Henan Agricultural University1.6111111111111112720.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;477
https://openalex.org/I27765905North-West University1.6111111111111112469.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;478
https://openalex.org/I126520041University of Science and Technology of China1.6111111111111112812.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;479
https://openalex.org/I197809005University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli"1.61228.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;480
https://openalex.org/I60342839Qatar University1.6764.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Date of Article and/or Notice Unknown;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;481
https://openalex.org/I2800838116University of Al Maarif1.5982905982905984846.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;482
https://openalex.org/I102254642University of Kirkuk1.5978535353535355440.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;483
https://openalex.org/I3040621137Alsalam University College1.588629426129426496.5Compromised Peer Review;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Date of Article and/or Notice Unknown;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;484
https://openalex.org/I111575329Bharathiar University1.58730158730158721376.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;485
https://openalex.org/I21193070Beijing Jiaotong University1.5833333333333333460.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;486
https://openalex.org/I4210162994Xijing University1.58333333333333331413.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;487
https://openalex.org/I185492890University of Canterbury1.5833333333333333833.5Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;False/Forged Authorship;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;488
https://openalex.org/I187400657South China Normal University1.58333333333333331550.5Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;489
https://openalex.org/I319874951Sichuan International Studies University1.5833333333333333696.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;490
https://openalex.org/I177739611Yangtze University1.5833333333333333510.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;491
https://openalex.org/I3131927718JECRC University1.5833333333333333445.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;492
https://openalex.org/I181903023Xi'an Shiyou University1.5833333333333333259.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;493
https://openalex.org/I1299303238National Institutes of Health1.58333333333333331775.0Concerns/Issues about Human Subject Welfare;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Lack of IRB/IACUC Approval and/or Compliance;Objections by Author(s);494
https://openalex.org/I146840658University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir1.58333333333333331428.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;495
https://openalex.org/I4210152119Jiangsu Province Hospital1.58333333333333332140.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Paper Mill;496
https://openalex.org/I4401726783VIT-AP University1.575517.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;497
https://openalex.org/I86310350Aswan University1.5751110.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;498
https://openalex.org/I52357470The Ohio State University1.55833333333333334523.5Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;499
https://openalex.org/I200296433Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College1.55555555555555563215.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;500
https://openalex.org/I120238654Saudi Electronic University1.55564.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;501
https://openalex.org/I919571938The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston1.5476190476190477498.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Data;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Lack of IRB/IACUC Approval and/or Compliance;502
https://openalex.org/I136830121Islamic Azad University South Tehran Branch1.5428571428571431892.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;503
https://openalex.org/I79619799University of Birmingham1.53571428571428561312.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;504
https://openalex.org/I464993Barkatullah University1.5333333333333332482.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;505
https://openalex.org/I177933477Second Military Medical University1.53333333333333321328.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;506
https://openalex.org/I4210124427City College of Dongguan University of Technology1.53333333333333321069.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;507
https://openalex.org/I117331123Weifang Medical University1.5333333333333332933.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;508
https://openalex.org/I51185872Jining Medical University1.53333333333333322072.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;509
https://openalex.org/I51622183Shaanxi University of Science and Technology1.5333333333333332298.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;510
https://openalex.org/I4210162087Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University1.53333333333333321364.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;511
https://openalex.org/I178232147Guizhou University1.5289682539682539781.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;512
https://openalex.org/I182000528Ajman University1.526165501165501853.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;513
https://openalex.org/I173089394ITMO University1.503968253968254861.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;514
https://openalex.org/I3132702812Uttaranchal University1.503968253968254750.5Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;515
https://openalex.org/I4210101451Nanjing Institute of Industry Technology1.5798.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;516
https://openalex.org/I25355098Chang'an University1.5659.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;517
https://openalex.org/I23171815Zhengzhou University of Light Industry1.51093.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;518
https://openalex.org/I47410878Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University1.5490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;519
https://openalex.org/I193073490Siksha O Anusandhan University1.5401.0Author Unresponsive;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;520
https://openalex.org/I15664174Madurai Medical College1.5577.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;521
https://openalex.org/I4210138078Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University1.51003.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;522
https://openalex.org/I4510145Jiangxi University of Science and Technology1.51325.5Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;523
https://openalex.org/I44675526Shanghai Ocean University1.5518.5Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Error in Text;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;524
https://openalex.org/I120379545Inner Mongolia Agricultural University1.5816.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Data;525
https://openalex.org/I121691239Beihua University1.5487.5Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;526
https://openalex.org/I4400573233Jilin Business and Technology College1.5801.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;527
https://openalex.org/I66867065East China Normal University1.5316.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;528
https://openalex.org/I15823474Linyi University1.51668.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;529
https://openalex.org/I10535382Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications1.5511.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;530
https://openalex.org/I4210097338Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital1.51983.5Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;531
https://openalex.org/I27462735Yulin Normal University1.5627.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;532
https://openalex.org/I4210103904Tourism College of Zhejiang1.5638.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;533
https://openalex.org/I4210150172First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College1.5550.5Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Article;Duplication of/in Image;Error in Text;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;534
https://openalex.org/I4210153043Duke University Hospital1.55525.5Duplication of/in Image;Investigation by Company/Institution;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Data;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;535
https://openalex.org/I145897649Minzu University of China1.5429.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;False/Forged Authorship;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;536
https://openalex.org/I4210096605V. B. Sochava Institute of Geography1.5490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;537
https://openalex.org/I4210126298Duke Medical Center1.55525.5Duplication of/in Image;Investigation by Company/Institution;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Data;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;538
https://openalex.org/I183697816Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology1.5547.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;539
https://openalex.org/I4210126748Samara State University of Economics1.5490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;540
https://openalex.org/I93251985Irkutsk State University1.5490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;541
https://openalex.org/I3133134087Lanzhou Jiaotong University1.51296.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;542
https://openalex.org/I1313079697Southwest University of Political Science & Law1.5606.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;543
https://openalex.org/I4210165441Hangzhou Medical College1.51055.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;544
https://openalex.org/I74837319Jiangxi Agricultural University1.5625.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;545
https://openalex.org/I3129593085Chengdu Sport University1.5573.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;546
https://openalex.org/I4210122526Xi'an Siyuan University1.51130.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;547
https://openalex.org/I4210143276Yantaishan Hospital1.52143.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Duplication of/in Image;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;548
https://openalex.org/I183764125Technical University of Košice1.51396.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;549
https://openalex.org/I4210091296Zhumadian Central Hospital1.5473.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;550
https://openalex.org/I88372448Dalian Polytechnic University1.51151.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;551
https://openalex.org/I4210094371Scientific Center of Zoology and Hydroecology1.5490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;552
https://openalex.org/I4391012606AAA College of Engineering and Technology1.5640.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;553
https://openalex.org/I161350542China Three Gorges University1.5475.5Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;554
https://openalex.org/I142024983Prince Sultan University1.5742.0Cites Retracted Work;Objections by Author(s);555
https://openalex.org/I93477617Huizhou University1.51191.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;556
https://openalex.org/I192578869Chengde Medical University1.5691.0Compromised Peer Review;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;557
https://openalex.org/I44673925Inner Mongolia Medical University1.5542.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;558
https://openalex.org/I13175533Fuyang Normal University1.51314.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;559
https://openalex.org/I4210162045Jinhua Central Hospital1.5811.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;560
https://openalex.org/I39343248Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin1.51650.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of Data;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Manipulation of Data;Manipulation of Images;Unreliable Data;Unreliable Image;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;561
https://openalex.org/I170558118Sri Venkateswara University1.5520.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;562
https://openalex.org/I38756568Xinyang College of Agriculture and Forestry1.5423.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Article;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Data;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;563
https://openalex.org/I7901131Ufa State Petroleum Technological University1.5490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;564
https://openalex.org/I4210132304Obour Institutes1.5660.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;565
https://openalex.org/I55538621China Jiliang University1.51889.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;566
https://openalex.org/I4210133534Henan Provincial People's Hospital1.51048.5Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;567
https://openalex.org/I132210918North China Institute of Science and Technology1.51157.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;568
https://openalex.org/I9356336Zhangzhou Normal University1.51025.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;569
https://openalex.org/I4210103779National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry1.52454.5Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Updated to Retraction;570
https://openalex.org/I4210145049Anhui Institute of Information Technology1.5319.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;571
https://openalex.org/I4210096834Azerbaijan Scientific-Research & Design-Prospecting Power Engineering Institute1.5490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;572
https://openalex.org/I116265982Qinghai University1.5702.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;573
https://openalex.org/I1293555014Islamic Azad University of Tabriz1.4861111111111112729.0Author Unresponsive;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Data;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;574
https://openalex.org/I4210108113Yango University1.48333333333333341751.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;575
https://openalex.org/I20942203Hainan University1.4678571428571431059.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;576
https://openalex.org/I4210121333Istinye University1.45404.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;577
https://openalex.org/I161237661Lahore College for Women University1.4448773448773449613.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;578
https://openalex.org/I41775361Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch1.44444444444444442486.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;Upgrade/Update of Prior Notice(s);579
https://openalex.org/I3124704065University of Kurdistan1.4428571428571428844.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Objections by Author(s);Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;580
https://openalex.org/I189196454The University of Texas at Arlington1.4333333333333333265.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;581
https://openalex.org/I4210101093St. Joseph's Institute of Technology1.4261904761904762722.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;582
https://openalex.org/I171210897Aligarh Muslim University1.4206349206349207749.5Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;583
https://openalex.org/I4387154466M. Kumarasamy College of Engineering1.4206349206349205612.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;584
https://openalex.org/I153374732Liaoning Normal University1.4166666666666665485.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;585
https://openalex.org/I3132008074Huangshan University1.41666666666666651058.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;586
https://openalex.org/I75900474Hubei University1.41666666666666652395.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;587
https://openalex.org/I99043593Macquarie University1.41349206349206342477.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of/in Image;Investigation by Company/Institution;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Upgrade/Update of Prior Notice(s);588
https://openalex.org/I4210102737Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology1.40396825396825391110.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Unreliable Data;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;589
https://openalex.org/I196345858Chungnam National University1.4578.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;590
https://openalex.org/I81556334Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham1.4708.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;False/Forged Authorship;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;591
https://openalex.org/I47818738Sultan Qaboos University1.39682539682539672477.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;592
https://openalex.org/I3129897247Russian New University1.3958333333333333490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;593
https://openalex.org/I4210088328Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University1.3928571428571428841.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;594
https://openalex.org/I55712492Zhejiang University of Technology1.39285714285714281256.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;595
https://openalex.org/I4210087590Huzhou Vocational and Technical College1.375517.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;596
https://openalex.org/I59270414Indian Institute of Science Bangalore1.36997071555895071103.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;597
https://openalex.org/I4210128140Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology1.3666666666666667932.5Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;598
https://openalex.org/I4210136004University of Bisha1.3611111111111112287.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;599
https://openalex.org/I155043079University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus1.36031746031746041225.0Conflict of Interest;Date of Article and/or Notice Unknown;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Rogue Editor;600
https://openalex.org/I60559429Nazarbayev University1.35833333333333342512.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Error in Methods;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;601
https://openalex.org/I110525433Islamic Azad University, Tehran1.34507575757575771333.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;602
https://openalex.org/I99165933University of Gujrat1.34487734487734481191.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Error in Data;Error in Methods;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;603
https://openalex.org/I113643904Beni-Suef University1.34090909090909081278.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;604
https://openalex.org/I95457486University of California, Berkeley1.33333333333333331020.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;605
https://openalex.org/I4210140902Volgograd State Technical University1.3333333333333333490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;606
https://openalex.org/I4210164246First Hospital of Qinhuangdao1.33333333333333331419.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Article;607
https://openalex.org/I4210136682Heze University1.3333333333333333720.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;608
https://openalex.org/I13144388Ekiti State University1.33333333333333331542.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;609
https://openalex.org/I4210122799Presidio Ospedaliero1.33333333333333333357.5Duplication of/in Article;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;610
https://openalex.org/I4210124205First Hospital of Shijiazhuang1.3333333333333333528.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;611
https://openalex.org/I4210136679Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine1.3333333333333333744.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;612
https://openalex.org/I175691731Pondicherry University1.33333333333333332268.5Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;613
https://openalex.org/I41208885Harbin University of Commerce1.33333333333333331325.5Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;614
https://openalex.org/I1299170990Samarkand State University named after Sharof Rashidov1.3333333333333333490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;615
https://openalex.org/I4210090773Anshun University1.3333333333333333780.5Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;616
https://openalex.org/I4210092956Vologda State Milk Academy named after NV Vereshchagina1.3333333333333333490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;617
https://openalex.org/I4210127387Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences1.3333333333333333490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;618
https://openalex.org/I4210104573CMR University1.33333333333333331076.5Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;619
https://openalex.org/I37987034Guangzhou University1.3333333333333333991.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;620
https://openalex.org/I4210140274Jinan Stomatological Hospital1.3333333333333333722.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;621
https://openalex.org/I1315279114Zhejiang Wanli University1.33333333333333331435.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;622
https://openalex.org/I39521962Hunan City University1.33333333333333331804.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;623
https://openalex.org/I4210158810Shenyang Sport University1.3333333333333333380.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;624
https://openalex.org/I4210135994China Railway Group (China)1.3333333333333333330.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;625
https://openalex.org/I2803035300Tallaght University Hospital1.33333333333333336666.0Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of/in Image;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;626
https://openalex.org/I74872605China Southern Power Grid (China)1.33333333333333331163.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;627
https://openalex.org/I88126159Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute1.33333333333333331066.5Concerns/Issues about Data;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;628
https://openalex.org/I4210156872Guizhou Institute of Technology1.3333333333333333435.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;629
https://openalex.org/I4210142182Tianjin Hospital1.33333333333333331114.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;630
https://openalex.org/I253188195Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology1.3333333333333333709.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;631
https://openalex.org/I55931168Cukurova University1.3333333333333333385.5Concerns/Issues about Image;Error in Image;632
https://openalex.org/I4210103175Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies1.3333333333333333490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;633
https://openalex.org/I4210149885Taishan Medical University1.33333333333333332372.5Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Paper Mill;634
https://openalex.org/I894293524University of Chittagong1.3333333333333333874.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;635
https://openalex.org/I4210145393Hainan Agricultural School1.3333333333333333249.5Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;636
https://openalex.org/I139024713Guangdong University of Technology1.3333333333333333483.5Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;637
https://openalex.org/I27599042Xi'an Polytechnic University1.3333333333333333408.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;638
https://openalex.org/I8977528Dr. Hari Singh Gour University1.3333333333333333707.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;639
https://openalex.org/I153806059Shanghai Business School1.33333333333333331184.0Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Compromised Peer Review;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;640
https://openalex.org/I157286207National University of Ireland, Maynooth1.33333333333333336666.0Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of/in Image;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;641
https://openalex.org/I4871159University of Mazandaran1.33333333333333333363.5Duplication of/in Article;Euphemisms for Duplication;642
https://openalex.org/I4210131061Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital1.3333333333333333538.0Compromised Peer Review;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;643
https://openalex.org/I4210114541Tianjin People's Hospital1.33333333333333331826.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Paper Mill;644
https://openalex.org/I180664298Federal University of Technology1.32692307692307691594.0Concerns/Issues about Animal Welfare;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Lack of IRB/IACUC Approval and/or Compliance;Objections by Author(s);645
https://openalex.org/I149313025Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research1.3214285714285714780.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;646
https://openalex.org/I4210126829China Medical University Hospital1.3013888888888891207.0Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Updated to Retraction;647
https://openalex.org/I173268674Texas A&M University System1.29166666666666676725.0Investigation by Company/Institution;Unreliable Data;648
https://openalex.org/I906608882St Xavier’s College1.29166666666666651354.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;649
https://openalex.org/I4210156501First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University1.29166666666666651384.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;650
https://openalex.org/I141962983Shanghai University of Engineering Science1.2916666666666665649.5Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;651
https://openalex.org/I184983240Northeast Normal University1.2857142857142856784.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;652
https://openalex.org/I51226738Dong-A University1.28571428571428561323.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;Upgrade/Update of Prior Notice(s);653
https://openalex.org/I119004910Silesian University of Technology1.2617424242424242426.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;654
https://openalex.org/I173466955Iona College1.25952380952380951312.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;655
https://openalex.org/I4210133467Xi'an Aeronautical University1.25833.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;656
https://openalex.org/I4210103957Second Hospital of Shandong University1.25859.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;657
https://openalex.org/I4210131342Yibin University1.25359.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;658
https://openalex.org/I4210115326Swami Vivekanand College of Pharmacy1.25554.0Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;659
https://openalex.org/I48018076Christ University1.25681.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;660
https://openalex.org/I2800959905Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine1.25335.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;661
https://openalex.org/I4210127460Ningxia Medical University1.25702.0Author Unresponsive;Conflict of Interest;Duplication of/in Image;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;662
https://openalex.org/I4210164332Shenzhen Second People's Hospital1.251912.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;663
https://openalex.org/I3132067926Krirk University1.25530.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;664
https://openalex.org/I176432857Beijing Wuzi University1.25784.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;665
https://openalex.org/I179060312Northeast Electric Power University1.251088.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;666
https://openalex.org/I75689368Communication University of China1.25999.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;667
https://openalex.org/I4210086175Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan1.25490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;668
https://openalex.org/I4210166453China National Heavy Duty Truck Group (China)1.251079.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;669
https://openalex.org/I108160477Hebei Agricultural University1.25794.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;670
https://openalex.org/I4210107587Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University1.25793.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;671
https://openalex.org/I4210107865Wuzhou University1.25551.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;672
https://openalex.org/I91136226University of Sheffield1.25705.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Euphemisms for Plagiarism;Plagiarism of/in Article;673
https://openalex.org/I192805215Damghan University1.25805.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;674
https://openalex.org/I32625721University of Saskatchewan1.2361111111111112806.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;675
https://openalex.org/I4210110558Xi'an Technological University1.2361111111111112388.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;676
https://openalex.org/I263208278Hazara University1.2333333333333334614.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;False/Forged Authorship;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;677
https://openalex.org/I191420491Universidad de Jaén1.23333333333333341139.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;678
https://openalex.org/I17120543National University of Modern Languages1.20833333333333331254.5Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;679
https://openalex.org/I167383011Henan University of Science and Technology1.21528.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;680
https://openalex.org/I28210344Kakatiya University1.2457.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;681
https://openalex.org/I4210125143Chengdu University1.2328.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;682
https://openalex.org/I89652312Northwest A&F University1.2323.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;683
https://openalex.org/I55240360Yeungnam University1.194047619047619635.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Manipulation of Images;Unreliable Image;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;684
https://openalex.org/I185523456University of Southern Queensland1.18333333333333331871.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;685
https://openalex.org/I4210149618Guangdong University of Finance1.17619047619047621248.5Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;686
https://openalex.org/I132735039University of Debrecen1.17619047619047621175.5Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;687
https://openalex.org/I201459984Guangdong University Of Finances and Economics1.17619047619047621248.5Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;688
https://openalex.org/I47508984Imperial College London1.17549019607843142024.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;689
https://openalex.org/I197854408University of Malta1.1726190476190477262.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;690
https://openalex.org/I51452335Panjab University1.16666666666666671559.5Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of/in Image;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Objections by Author(s);Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;691
https://openalex.org/I4210100953Xi'an University of Finance and Economics1.16666666666666671196.5Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;692
https://openalex.org/I1330688353Tashkent State Agrarian University1.1666666666666667490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;693
https://openalex.org/I158809036Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology1.1666666666666667736.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;694
https://openalex.org/I4210114339Deyang Stomatological Hospital1.16666666666666651188.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Image;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;695
https://openalex.org/I4210155994Zhengzhou Business University1.1666666666666665616.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;696
https://openalex.org/I4210128478Hainan General Hospital1.1666666666666665614.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;697
https://openalex.org/I110440473Xi'an University of Science and Technology1.16666666666666652079.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;698
https://openalex.org/I154851008Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee1.16666666666666653707.0Plagiarism of/in Article;699
https://openalex.org/I197869895Anhui Medical University1.1666666666666665371.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;700
https://openalex.org/I4392738314Guilin Tourism University1.1666666666666665483.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;701
https://openalex.org/I4210094836Ganzhou People's Hospital1.16666666666666651768.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Paper Mill;702
https://openalex.org/I8991828Pukyong National University1.16666666666666651537.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;703
https://openalex.org/I45084792University of Florence1.16666666666666652403.0Concerns/Issues about Image;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Duplication of/in Image;Error in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;704
https://openalex.org/I151013683Binzhou University1.1588235294117648938.5Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;705
https://openalex.org/I134841294Binzhou Medical University1.1588235294117648938.5Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;706
https://openalex.org/I142732210University of Engineering and Technology Lahore1.1456349206349206534.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Data;Investigation by Company/Institution;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Data;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;707
https://openalex.org/I865572129Adama Science and Technology University1.1428571428571428518.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;708
https://openalex.org/I51780484Mersin Üniversitesi1.14285714285714281157.0Concerns/Issues about Image;Error in Data;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Manipulation of Images;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Data;Unreliable Image;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;709
https://openalex.org/I4210144839Hamad bin Khalifa University1.1428571428571428235.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;710
https://openalex.org/I7877124Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin1.14285714285714282371.5Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of Data;Duplication of/in Article;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;711
https://openalex.org/I111599522Jiangnan University1.14285714285714281383.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;712
https://openalex.org/I119241673Indian Institute of Technology Ropar1.1428571428571428447.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);713
https://openalex.org/I191972202Amity University1.13571428571428571154.0Concerns/Issues about Image;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Error in Methods;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Objections by Author(s);714
https://openalex.org/I4210090457Al-Nisour University College1.1338675213675213405.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;715
https://openalex.org/I205783295Cornell University1.1255091.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Data;716
https://openalex.org/I90259746Capital University of Economics and Business1.1251030.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;717
https://openalex.org/I4210093324Mudanjiang Medical University1.1251122.5Concerns/Issues about Article;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;718
https://openalex.org/I165779595The University of Melbourne1.1251034.5Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;719
https://openalex.org/I3121602497Lorestan University of Medical Sciences1.125546.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;720
https://openalex.org/I182997119Manonmaniam Sundaranar University1.1251236.5Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of/in Image;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;721
https://openalex.org/I88694374Marshall University1.1252225.0Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of/in Image;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;722
https://openalex.org/I139264467Seoul National University1.11758976317799851277.5Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;723
https://openalex.org/I165143802The University of Queensland1.11666666666666671228.5Error in Data;Error in Image;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;724
https://openalex.org/I3131845690University of Cross River State1.1166666666666667934.5Concerns/Issues about Article;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;725
https://openalex.org/I4210108783Christian Medical College1.1166666666666667560.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;726
https://openalex.org/I157696592Universiti Malaysia Terengganu1.11111111111111121386.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;727
https://openalex.org/I4210119396Social Service Sericulture Project Trust1.1111111111111112455.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;728
https://openalex.org/I82880672Beihang University1.11111111111111122346.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;729
https://openalex.org/I55732556Arizona State University1.1075757575757577541.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;730
https://openalex.org/I185571130Al-Farabi Kazakh National University1.0999999999999999490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;731
https://openalex.org/I1174212University of Southern California1.09166666666666662424.5Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;732
https://openalex.org/I29891158University of Sharjah1.0873015873015872764.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;733
https://openalex.org/I40120149University of Oxford1.0873015873015872473.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Concerns/Issues about Article;Duplication of Data;Duplication of/in Article;Duplication of/in Image;Error in Data;Error in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Euphemisms for Plagiarism;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Plagiarism of Data;Plagiarism of Image;Unreliable Data;Unreliable Image;734
https://openalex.org/I162868743Tianjin University1.0833333333333333518.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;735
https://openalex.org/I179026463Beijing Technology and Business University1.08333333333333331171.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;736
https://openalex.org/I4210161255Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute1.0833333333333333493.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;737
https://openalex.org/I47164929Najran University1.0833333333333333468.5Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;738
https://openalex.org/I77501641University of Kalyani1.0769230769230769557.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;739
https://openalex.org/I42317466Altınbaş University1.0714285714285714605.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;740
https://openalex.org/I875646752Damascus University1.0714285714285714904.5Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Data;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);741
https://openalex.org/I4210163933Union Hospital1.05952380952380951725.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;742
https://openalex.org/I4210151504Saroj Gupta Cancer Centre & Research Institute1.05952380952380952425.5Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;743
https://openalex.org/I146655781University of Liverpool1.0526315789473684154.0Date of Article and/or Notice Unknown;Notice - Limited or No Information;Removed;Temporary Removal;744
https://openalex.org/I193775966Yonsei University1.04354066985645931086.0Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;745
https://openalex.org/I67357951KIIT University1.042857142857143817.5Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;746
https://openalex.org/I135237710Zhejiang Normal University1.04166666666666651146.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;747
https://openalex.org/I4210126868University of Georgia1.04090909090909182.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);748
https://openalex.org/I4210108480Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1.0333333333333332871.0Author Unresponsive;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Euphemisms for Plagiarism;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Plagiarism of/in Article;749
https://openalex.org/I4210140515First Hospital of China Medical University1.03333333333333321491.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;750
https://openalex.org/I4210141776China XD Group (China)1.0333333333333332714.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Human Subject Welfare;Informed/Patient Consent - None/Withdrawn;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Lack of IRB/IACUC Approval and/or Compliance;751
https://openalex.org/I96733725Shanghai Maritime University1.03333333333333322840.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;752
https://openalex.org/I98251732McMaster University1.00952380952380951202.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of/in Image;Investigation by Company/Institution;Investigation by Third Party;Upgrade/Update of Prior Notice(s);753
https://openalex.org/I4210101171Zhejiang Industry Polytechnic College1.01602.0Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Duplication of/in Article;Euphemisms for Duplication;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;754
https://openalex.org/I155907036Solapur University1.093.0Euphemisms for Plagiarism;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Plagiarism of/in Article;755
https://openalex.org/I4210146667Ajinomoto (Japan)1.0418.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Error in Data;Error in Materials;Error in Results and/or Conclusions;756
https://openalex.org/I4210099512Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University1.01687.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;757
https://openalex.org/I4210146584Henan Forestry Vocational College1.0744.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;758
https://openalex.org/I105991555Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute1.02078.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;759
https://openalex.org/I66760702Council of Scientific and Industrial Research1.02278.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Duplication of Data;Duplication of/in Article;Duplication of/in Image;Error in Data;Error in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Unreliable Data;Unreliable Image;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;760
https://openalex.org/I4210097726Huaian First People’s Hospital1.02035.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;761
https://openalex.org/I1285301757Rush University Medical Center1.03164.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;762
https://openalex.org/I66883779Weifang University1.0400.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;763
https://openalex.org/I66930379Tarrant County College1.02073.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;764
https://openalex.org/I2800556661China Tobacco1.0317.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Rogue Editor;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;765
https://openalex.org/I192327786Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine1.0317.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Unreliable Data;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;766
https://openalex.org/I64935225Bratislava University of Economics and Business1.086.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;767
https://openalex.org/I45294948Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research1.01229.0Notice - Limited or No Information;Removed;768
https://openalex.org/I45812101Belarusian National Technical University1.0187.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Euphemisms for Plagiarism;Plagiarism of/in Article;769
https://openalex.org/I4210119674East China University of Technology1.0871.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;770
https://openalex.org/I9115533Moscow Polytechnic University1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;771
https://openalex.org/I90546491University of Limpopo1.0213.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;772
https://openalex.org/I138622004National Economics University1.0885.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;773
https://openalex.org/I138876546Vels University1.02732.0Duplication of/in Image;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Manipulation of Images;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;774
https://openalex.org/I4210115097Hospital Clínic de Barcelona1.01295.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;775
https://openalex.org/I104338594Inje University1.0472.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Euphemisms for Plagiarism;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Plagiarism of Image;776
https://openalex.org/I188703185GTx (United States)1.0404.5Compromised Peer Review;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;777
https://openalex.org/I4387154740Azerbaijan Cooperation University1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;778
https://openalex.org/I4210107741Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College1.0367.0Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;779
https://openalex.org/I4210144143Inspur (China)1.0853.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;780
https://openalex.org/I14916453Urgench State University1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;781
https://openalex.org/I149240348Jilin Normal University1.0189.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;782
https://openalex.org/I4210094894China Automotive Technology and Research Center1.0784.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;783
https://openalex.org/I4210152237Wenzhou City People's Hospital1.0637.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;784
https://openalex.org/I4210150398Hunan University of Finance and Economics1.02694.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;785
https://openalex.org/I117963711Kuban State University1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;786
https://openalex.org/I4210097637Tangshan People's Hospital1.0337.0Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;787
https://openalex.org/I4210151936North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;788
https://openalex.org/I4210095228Xi'an Physical Education University1.0566.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;789
https://openalex.org/I4210096351Qinhuangdao Second Hospital1.0369.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;790
https://openalex.org/I139759216Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications1.0635.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;791
https://openalex.org/I147527907Technical University of Varna1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;792
https://openalex.org/I4387155285Suqian University1.0448.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;793
https://openalex.org/I2802204017Université de Bretagne Sud1.07823.0Author Unresponsive;Error in Analyses;Error in Methods;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Lack of IRB/IACUC Approval and/or Compliance;794
https://openalex.org/I189238007Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv1.0353.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;795
https://openalex.org/I135598925Kyushu University1.0121.0Informed/Patient Consent - None/Withdrawn;Lack of IRB/IACUC Approval and/or Compliance;796
https://openalex.org/I4210137452Drug Discovery Laboratory (Norway)1.01427.0Author Unresponsive;Duplication of/in Article;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;797
https://openalex.org/I4210138647Hanzhong People's Hospital1.01943.0Author Unresponsive;Euphemisms for Plagiarism;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Plagiarism of Image;798
https://openalex.org/I4210113195Gannan Medical University1.0452.5Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);799
https://openalex.org/I4210113348Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine1.02873.0Euphemisms for Plagiarism;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Manipulation of Images;Plagiarism of Image;800
https://openalex.org/I4210113613Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University1.01886.0Results Not Reproducible;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;801
https://openalex.org/I2801380234University of South-Eastern Norway1.01262.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Error in Methods;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Results Not Reproducible;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;802
https://openalex.org/I2800951516Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust1.0124.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Conflict of Interest;Falsification/Fabrication of Data;803
https://openalex.org/I65322002Volgograd State University1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;804
https://openalex.org/I123665430Shri BM Patil Medical College1.0262.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Data;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;805
https://openalex.org/I12411659Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine1.0469.0Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;806
https://openalex.org/I147337026Universitas Trisakti1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;807
https://openalex.org/I4210101936Central People's Hospital of Zhanjiang1.0433.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Lack of IRB/IACUC Approval and/or Compliance;808
https://openalex.org/I4210100725Oriental University1.0866.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;809
https://openalex.org/I4210100789Wuhan College1.0925.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;810
https://openalex.org/I4210100872Guangzhou Academy of Special Equipment Inspection and Testing1.0133.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;811
https://openalex.org/I4210106884All-Russian Research Institute for Fire Protection1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;812
https://openalex.org/I4210106134Guangzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology1.0344.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;813
https://openalex.org/I4210146956Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University1.04675.5Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Human Subject Welfare;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Lack of IRB/IACUC Approval and/or Compliance;814
https://openalex.org/I877176835University of Guilan1.0111.0Duplication of/in Article;815
https://openalex.org/I152518017University of Nis1.0711.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Euphemisms for Plagiarism;Plagiarism of/in Article;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;816
https://openalex.org/I109173049Beijing Foreign Studies University1.01376.0Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Objections by Author(s);Plagiarism of/in Article;Taken via Translation;817
https://openalex.org/I110109458Tianjin University of Commerce1.0260.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;818
https://openalex.org/I205237279Nankai University1.01034.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;819
https://openalex.org/I21256249Tashkent University of Information Technology1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;820
https://openalex.org/I211497874Armenian National Agrarian University1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;821
https://openalex.org/I97018004Stanford University1.01754.0Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;822
https://openalex.org/I2802584641Leshan Normal University1.0501.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Objections by Author(s);Rogue Editor;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;823
https://openalex.org/I137265193University of Chester1.0384.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Lack of IRB/IACUC Approval and/or Compliance;Objections by Author(s);824
https://openalex.org/I4210138978Nanjing University of the Arts1.0901.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;825
https://openalex.org/I170347488National Environmental Engineering Research Institute1.03822.0Plagiarism of/in Article;826
https://openalex.org/I169689159PLA Information Engineering University1.0278.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;827
https://openalex.org/I75867142Xiamen University of Technology1.02100.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;828
https://openalex.org/I118501908National Research University Higher School of Economics1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;829
https://openalex.org/I4210159676Zaozhuang University1.0490.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;830
https://openalex.org/I4210115456Chuzhou University1.0826.5Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;831
https://openalex.org/I130442723Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul1.02932.0Concerns/Issues about Image;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Objections by Author(s);Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;832
https://openalex.org/I4210129448African Population and Health Research Center1.0292.0Duplication of/in Article;Euphemisms for Duplication;Euphemisms for Plagiarism;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Plagiarism of/in Article;833
https://openalex.org/I4210129079Academy of the State Fire Service EMERCOM of Russia1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;834
https://openalex.org/I114650741Chechen State University1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;835
https://openalex.org/I4210133472Zahedan University of Medical Sciences1.01084.0Duplication of/in Image;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;836
https://openalex.org/I505182National Textile University1.0934.5Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of Data;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;837
https://openalex.org/I49185572Yunnan University of Finance And Economics1.01629.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;838
https://openalex.org/I4880106Feng Chia University1.0613.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;839
https://openalex.org/I4210108394Institute of Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;840
https://openalex.org/I61554058Qom University of Medical Science and Health Services1.0885.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;841
https://openalex.org/I197251160Hebrew University of Jerusalem1.09802.0Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Data;842
https://openalex.org/I4210114043Henan Institute of Technology1.0224.5Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;843
https://openalex.org/I4210146030Penza State Technological University1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;844
https://openalex.org/I4210104872Rostov State University of Economics1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;845
https://openalex.org/I4210104442Ho Chi Minh City University of Education1.0322.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;846
https://openalex.org/I61641377Universitatea Națională de Știință și Tehnologie Politehnica București1.0552.0Author Unresponsive;Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Date of Article and/or Notice Unknown;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;847
https://openalex.org/I4210101883Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College1.0854.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;848
https://openalex.org/I4210127624Shougang Institute of Technology1.0793.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;849
https://openalex.org/I4210127266First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College1.01317.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;850
https://openalex.org/I4210134312Anqing City Hospital1.0940.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;851
https://openalex.org/I132586189Zhongyuan University of Technology1.0966.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;852
https://openalex.org/I1324520350Hackensack University Medical Center1.024.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Lack of Approval from Third Party;853
https://openalex.org/I4210098734Zhejiang Cancer Hospital1.01003.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;854
https://openalex.org/I4210098011Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali ibn Sino1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;855
https://openalex.org/I4210119024First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University1.02328.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Paper Mill;856
https://openalex.org/I2799614505University of Perpetual Help System DALTA1.02443.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;857
https://openalex.org/I4210101660Ningbo No. 2 Hospital1.0972.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Third Party;858
https://openalex.org/I4210101654Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1.0494.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;859
https://openalex.org/I4210101586Federal Scientific Center for Agroecology, Integrated Land Reclamation and Protective Afforestation1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;860
https://openalex.org/I4210102410First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University1.02421.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Paper Mill;861
https://openalex.org/I4210147433Beijing Friendship Hospital1.04068.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Human Subject Welfare;Informed/Patient Consent - None/Withdrawn;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Lack of IRB/IACUC Approval and/or Compliance;862
https://openalex.org/I261079859Jenderal Soedirman University1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;863
https://openalex.org/I202028630Changchun Normal University1.02079.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Paper Mill;864
https://openalex.org/I198091727Tiangong University1.02656.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;865
https://openalex.org/I47639616Centurion University of Technology and Management1.01090.0Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;866
https://openalex.org/I62800249Xingtai University1.01630.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Article;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;867
https://openalex.org/I193524592Tianjin University of Finance and Economics1.086.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;868
https://openalex.org/I4210136909Dilla University1.0415.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;869
https://openalex.org/I4210099941Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University1.0995.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;870
https://openalex.org/I4210099937Fourth People’s Hospital of Jinan1.02253.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Paper Mill;871
https://openalex.org/I4210099837Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Paramedical Sciences1.0635.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;872
https://openalex.org/I27941296Sahmyook University1.0333.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Lack of Approval from Third Party;Removed;873
https://openalex.org/I200946902Yichun University1.02072.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;874
https://openalex.org/I1334627681Jet Propulsion Laboratory1.061.0Error in Methods;875
https://openalex.org/I130238516University of Minnesota1.01085.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Error in Results and/or Conclusions;Results Not Reproducible;876
https://openalex.org/I4210124907Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University1.0694.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;877
https://openalex.org/I4210124764Zhoushan Hospital1.0933.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;878
https://openalex.org/I4210124597Wuhu No 1 People's Hospital1.0838.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;879
https://openalex.org/I3132180716Larbi Ben M'hidi University of Oum El Bouaghi1.0876.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;880
https://openalex.org/I177537411Bauman Moscow State Technical University1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;881
https://openalex.org/I899859998Qiqihar Medical University1.0841.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;882
https://openalex.org/I4210147888First People's Hospital of Nanning1.0558.0Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;883
https://openalex.org/I4210147827Saratov State Agrarian University named after N.I .Vavilov1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;884
https://openalex.org/I3133090473Weinan Normal University1.0460.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;885
https://openalex.org/I32597200Ghent University1.04138.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Duplication of Data;Duplication of/in Article;Euphemisms for Duplication;Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;886
https://openalex.org/I4210162379Xi'an Chest Hospital1.02339.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Paper Mill;887
https://openalex.org/I4210162153Madhya Pradesh Council of Science and Technology1.0640.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;888
https://openalex.org/I12615008Beijing Normal University - Hong Kong Baptist University United International College1.01024.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;889
https://openalex.org/I125101497Russian State Social University1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;890
https://openalex.org/I176453806University of Potsdam1.0203.0Euphemisms for Plagiarism;Objections by Author(s);Plagiarism of/in Article;891
https://openalex.org/I4210120495Chechen Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;892
https://openalex.org/I4210120302Shunde Polytechnic1.0615.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;893
https://openalex.org/I17831865Kyrgyz State Technical University1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;894
https://openalex.org/I177823932Technical University of Moldova1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;895
https://openalex.org/I4210164197Research Foundation ITSUU Laboratory1.013.0Author Unresponsive;Date of Article and/or Notice Unknown;Removed;896
https://openalex.org/I4210164024First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University1.0716.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;897
https://openalex.org/I4210164009Guangdong Baiyun University1.0108.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;898
https://openalex.org/I4210086097Wuhan City Chinese Medicine Hospital1.0638.0Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;899
https://openalex.org/I4210124300Hubei Provincial Women and Children's Hospital1.0571.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;900
https://openalex.org/I75955062Henan Normal University1.0224.5Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;901
https://openalex.org/I4210139780Yixing People's Hospital1.01652.5Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;902
https://openalex.org/I39815113Georgia Southern University1.01253.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;903
https://openalex.org/I4210159154Yiwu Science and Technology Research Institute1.0630.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;904
https://openalex.org/I4210159152Tongling University1.02077.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;905
https://openalex.org/I7882870University of Glasgow1.0540.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Lack of Approval from Company/Institution;Miscommunication with/by Author;906
https://openalex.org/I126924076Chongqing Normal University1.02138.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;907
https://openalex.org/I4210123088Wuhan Technology and Business University1.01983.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;908
https://openalex.org/I51313444Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences1.03273.0Concerns/Issues about Image;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;909
https://openalex.org/I2608206482Universitas Ahmad Dahlan1.0580.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;910
https://openalex.org/I25399158Mahidol University1.0676.0Duplication of/in Article;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);911
https://openalex.org/I26604189Shiv Nadar University1.0423.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;912
https://openalex.org/I4210130422Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences1.04445.0Concerns/Issues about Image;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;913
https://openalex.org/I4210104151Shangdong Agriculture and Engineering University1.0584.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;914
https://openalex.org/I4210147983Guangdong Police College1.0546.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;915
https://openalex.org/I17442442State Grid Corporation of China (China)1.0253.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;916
https://openalex.org/I4210131693Estácio (Brazil)1.01014.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Duplication of/in Article;917
https://openalex.org/I221092938Krishna University1.02203.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;918
https://openalex.org/I97009856Bohai University1.01578.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;919
https://openalex.org/I4210133325Institute of Process Engineering1.01844.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Unreliable Data;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;920
https://openalex.org/I4210132981Ningxia Water Conservancy1.01610.0Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;921
https://openalex.org/I130828816University of Leeds1.01685.0Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;922
https://openalex.org/I4210132226City University College of Science and Technology1.0448.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Rogue Editor;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;923
https://openalex.org/I4210132223Zhejiang Radio and Television University1.0411.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;924
https://openalex.org/I200362191Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana1.0390.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;925
https://openalex.org/I174104030Taiyuan Normal University1.0477.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;926
https://openalex.org/I108108428Thammasat University1.0890.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;927
https://openalex.org/I35427347Islamic University of Indonesia1.02812.0Concerns/Issues about Image;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Manipulation of Images;928
https://openalex.org/I4210143909Azerbaijan State Pedagogical University1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;929
https://openalex.org/I4210140387TCM-Intigrated Cancer Center of Southern Medical University1.0701.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;930
https://openalex.org/I4210117112South Kazakhstan Medical Academy1.0375.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;931
https://openalex.org/I4210117020Nantong Science and Technology Bureau1.0269.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;932
https://openalex.org/I52035452Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Anantapur1.0354.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Rogue Editor;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;933
https://openalex.org/I101202996Semmelweis University1.0706.0Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Lack of Approval from Third Party;Objections by Author(s);934
https://openalex.org/I9564693Eastern Liaoning University1.0571.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;935
https://openalex.org/I102808428Tbilisi State University1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;936
https://openalex.org/I121296143Hunan University of Science and Technology1.01274.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Conflict of Interest;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;937
https://openalex.org/I120378409South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;938
https://openalex.org/I52180223Hunan Agricultural University1.01495.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;939
https://openalex.org/I236156700ZhengZhou Shengda University Of Economics, Business & Management1.0320.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;940
https://openalex.org/I24571045University of North Dakota1.02410.0Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Falsification/Fabrication of Image;Investigation by Company/Institution;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;941
https://openalex.org/I4210140680Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University1.0265.0Compromised Peer Review;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;942
https://openalex.org/I4210093674Zhoukou Normal University1.0554.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;943
https://openalex.org/I4210153182Zigong First People's Hospital1.0358.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;944
https://openalex.org/I4210152839Navoi State Mining Institute1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;945
https://openalex.org/I4210155511First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University1.0624.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;946
https://openalex.org/I4210154072Institute of Normal Physiology named after P.K. Anokhin1.01022.0Cites Retracted Work;Concerns/Issues about Data;Error in Text;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);947
https://openalex.org/I162706563Hoseo University1.0600.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;948
https://openalex.org/I4210090615Hospital of Hebei Province1.0586.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;949
https://openalex.org/I4210121023Chifeng Municipal Hospital1.01250.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;950
https://openalex.org/I4210092224Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences1.0476.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;951
https://openalex.org/I163753206Chungbuk National University1.0126.0Error in Text;952
https://openalex.org/I4210167213Lu'an First People's Hospital1.0272.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;953
https://openalex.org/I183816158Zhaoqing University1.0757.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;954
https://openalex.org/I4210166292Baoding People's Hospital1.0848.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;955
https://openalex.org/I4210166238Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital1.02247.0Author Unresponsive;Euphemisms for Plagiarism;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Plagiarism of Data;Plagiarism of Image;956
https://openalex.org/I3089115Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority1.0883.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Image;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Objections by Author(s);Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;957
https://openalex.org/I4210138851Jizzakh Polytechnic Institute1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;958
https://openalex.org/I4210092582Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences1.02573.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Image;Investigation by Third Party;Lack of IRB/IACUC Approval and/or Compliance;Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;959
https://openalex.org/I187531555Lund University1.0414.0Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Objections by Author(s);Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;960
https://openalex.org/I69050122Near East University1.0256.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;961
https://openalex.org/I4387153206Solamalai College of Engineering1.0274.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;962
https://openalex.org/I8975392Osmania University1.01135.0Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;963
https://openalex.org/I4210114147Shaoxing Second Hospital1.00.0Date of Article and/or Notice Unknown;Notice - Limited or No Information;Removed;964
https://openalex.org/I4210130435Klinikum Ludwigshafen1.07793.0Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Company/Institution;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;965
https://openalex.org/I2801561730Liaoning University of International Business and Economics1.0153.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;966
https://openalex.org/I4210088511Inner Mongolia Electric Power (China)1.01111.5Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;967
https://openalex.org/I71999127Universitat de Barcelona1.01899.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;968
https://openalex.org/I186765156State University of Papua1.01504.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;969
https://openalex.org/I301615471Wollega University1.01134.0Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Objections by Author(s);Plagiarism of Text;Plagiarism of/in Article;970
https://openalex.org/I4210134769University of Pittsburgh Medical Center1.00.0Date of Article and/or Notice Unknown;Notice - Limited or No Information;Removed;Temporary Removal;971
https://openalex.org/I4210134671M.S. Ramaiah Medical College1.01198.5Concerns/Issues about Data;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;972
https://openalex.org/I4210134617Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University1.0491.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;973
https://openalex.org/I4210089143Changzhou Vocational Institute of Light Industry1.0484.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;974
https://openalex.org/I4210089092GS Engineering (United States)1.02253.0Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;975
https://openalex.org/I288749910Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal1.01695.0Duplication of Data;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;976
https://openalex.org/I182663762Lingaya's Vidyapeeth1.0185.0Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;977
https://openalex.org/I4210165015Shanxi Science and Technology Department1.0504.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;978
https://openalex.org/I312958679National University of Science and Technology1.0469.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;979
https://openalex.org/I73779912Manipal University Jaipur1.0421.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;980
https://openalex.org/I18045400Federal University of Agriculture1.01343.0Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Objections by Author(s);Original Data and/or Images not Provided and/or not Available;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;981
https://openalex.org/I3129498420National University of Architecture and Construction of Armenia1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;982
https://openalex.org/I4210164522Pingxiang University1.0583.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;983
https://openalex.org/I2898391981Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)1.0337.0Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Error in Methods;Error in Text;984
https://openalex.org/I41147446Anshan Normal University1.01488.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;985
https://openalex.org/I168337820Chongqing University of Science and Technology1.0898.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;986
https://openalex.org/I4210157430V. A. Trapeznikov Institute of Control Sciences1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;987
https://openalex.org/I4210157209Caspian University1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;988
https://openalex.org/I4210087046Yinchuan First People's Hospital1.064.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;989
https://openalex.org/I4210086659Jilin Jianzhu University1.0413.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Peer Review;990
https://openalex.org/I4210163363PLA Army Engineering University1.01759.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;991
https://openalex.org/I4210121099ICAR-National Research Centre on Pig1.0306.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;992
https://openalex.org/I1793135Yanbian University1.0866.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Data;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;993
https://openalex.org/I4210120291Linzi District People's Hospital1.02420.0Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Paper Mill;994
https://openalex.org/I4210136233Zhangir Khan West Kazakhstan Agrarian Technical University1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;995
https://openalex.org/I91845206Omsk State Agrarian University1.0490.0Concerns/Issues about Article;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Investigation by Company/Institution;996
https://openalex.org/I4210136219Kaifeng City Children's Hospital1.01630.0Author Unresponsive;Duplication of/in Image;Euphemisms for Duplication;Euphemisms for Plagiarism;Investigation by Third Party;Plagiarism of Image;997
https://openalex.org/I4210135466Heilongjiang University of Technology1.0384.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;998
https://openalex.org/I4210086600Meizhou City People's Hospital1.04199.0Author Unresponsive;Concerns/Issues about Data;Investigation by Third Party;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;999
https://openalex.org/I4210089411Yunnan Vocational College of Mechanical and Electrical Technology1.0553.0Computer-Aided Content or Computer-Generated Content;Concerns/Issues about Authorship/Affiliation;Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions;Concerns/Issues about Third Party Involvement;Compromised Peer Review;Investigation by Journal/Publisher;Investigation by Third Party;Paper Mill;Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions;1000

Outputs

fileexists
country_ranking.htmlTrue
institution_ranking.htmlTrue
rw_country_heatmap.htmlFalse

Interactive Map Output

Open the generated map HTML: rw_country_heatmap.html